This memorandum provides you with an outline of the mechanics of the VAT deferment structure. Developed by and implemented in close cooperation with international tax experts from two of the four leading accounting firms, this structure has a longstanding record of successful implementations on behalf of many EU- resident yacht owners.
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[Y4] 's VAT structure, however, enables EU-resident yacht owners to reduce the VAT due on the private use of the yacht within the EU territory to a minimal amount. This is achieved by implementing the following structure (see also attached diagram).
1) Ownership of the yacht is transferred to an offshore (non-EU-resident) company: the yacht owning company. You are free to structure ownership of the shares of the yacht owning company as you will;
2) The yacht owning company charters the yacht to an independent Dutch Antilles (intermediary) charter company based on a bareboat charter agreement;
3) The Dutch Antilles charter company charters the yacht to an independent Dutch (intermediary) charter company based on a bareboat charter agreement;
4) The Dutch charter company sub-charters (bareboat charter) the yacht to the ultimate user.
Ad 1) The yacht owning company should acquire the legal ownership of the yacht VAT free. This is made possible by having the builder deliver the yacht to the yacht owning company outside the EU territory, for instance on the Channel Islands or Helgoland (a small island
near Germany). In other words, the builder will export the yacht outside EU -territory and
will therefore not have to charge VAT (zero-rated exportation) on the purchase price of the
yacht
Ad2) The yacht owning company enters into a charter agreement with a Dutch Antilles charter company. [I] Intertrust (or one of its companies) acts as intermediary charter company. Intertrust is a reputable yacht management company.
Ad 3) The Dutch Antilles charter company enters into a charter agreement with a Dutch charter company. [Y] (or one of its companies) acts as intermediary charter company. [Y4] is a reputable yacht broker in Europe.
Based on the charter agreement between the Dutch Antilles charter company and [Y4] , [Y4] imports the yacht (as charterer,
notas owner) into The Netherlands. For this purpose, the yacht should be physically available in the Netherlands. The Dutch VAT due upon the importation can be recovered (claimed back) by [Y4] on its periodical Dutch VAT return. Based on specific Dutch VAT legislation, the VAT due upon the importation and the recovery of VAT can be reported in the same VAT return, as a consequence of which no cash payment of VAT (upon importation) is requited.
Once the yacht has been imported into The Netherlands, the Dutch customs issue an importation document proving that the yacht has been legally and validly imported in The Netherlands in accordance with the (Dutch) importation procedures, in fact substantiating that VAT has been declared in The Netherlands. The document issued by the Dutch customs is recognised as such by other EU customs authorities.
Ad 4) [Y4] enters into a charter agreement with the private individual using the yacht (who may also be the shareholder of the yacht owning company). Based on the charter agreement, the user is liable to a quarterly charter fee.
This agreement is a mirror of the charter agreements concluded between the yacht owning company and the Dutch Antilles charter company, respectively latter company and [Y4] . The charter fee charged by [Y4] is subject to Dutch VAT at a rate of 19%. Even though the private individual uses the yacht outside the waters of The Netherlands, for instance in France, Spain etc., this charter fee remains subject to Dutch VAT.
Based on Dutch VAT legislation, a Dutch company is not required to charge a charter fee at a
commercialrate to its clients. This means that [Y4] may only charge a very low amount per annum to the private individual using the yacht. For the purposes of our VAT structure, the annual chatter fee charged by [Y4] to the user of the yacht is set at approximately 1% of the value of the yacht, excluding the Dutch VAT due on the charter fee.
It should be noted that [Y4] is obligated under the charter agreement with the Dutch Antilles charter company to pay a charts fee to the Dutch Antilles charter company, which is subsequently obliged to the same amount as charterfee to the yacht owning company. As a consequence, the amount paid by the user, excluding the Dutch VAT, is recovered by the yacht owning company. A margin of 25% of the charter fee income of the Dutch charter company is retained, but afterwards settled with our implementation fees.