3.1.1.Inhoud van de stukken
Onderdeel d) van het EAB houdt onder meer het volgende in:
Indicate whether the person concerned appeared in person for the hearing where the decision was rendered:
No, the person concerned did not appear in person for the hearing on 16 April 2013 where the District Court in Bydgoszcz rendered against the person concerned a summary judgment dated 16 April 2013 in case with file ref. XVI K 331/13;
No, the person concerned did not appear in person for the hearing on 22 October 2014 where the District Court in Bydgoszcz rendered against the person concerned a default judgment dated 22 October 2014 in case with file ref. IX K 865/14;
No, the person concerned did not appear in person for the hearing on 27 November 2015 where the District Court in Bydgoszcz rendered against the person concerned a default judgment dated 27 November 2015 in case with file ref. IX K 230/15;
No, the person concerned did not appear in person for the hearing on 12 January 2015 where the District Court in Bydgoszcz rendered against the person concerned a default judgment dated 12 January 2015 in case with file ref. IX K 1571/14.
Notifications of the dates of the hearings where the decisions were rendered in the aforementioned cases were sent twice to the address indicated by [opgeëiste persoon] in the course of preparatory proceedings and served on the accused by way of sending two advice notes. Moreover, [opgeëiste persoon] was also informed that in accordance with Article 139 of the Polish Code of Penal Procedure if he failed to provide a new address but changed the place of residence or failed to stay at the address provided, a letter sent to that address should be deemed duly served.
If marked “no”, indicate which of the following occurred:
d. the decision in case XVI K 331/13 was served on the person concerned on 09 May 2013, and they were clearly instructed of the right to the re-examination of the case or submission of an appeal, and the right to participate in these procedures which allow for the re-examination of the case in terms of its content and with the consideration of new evidence, and which may lead to the quashing or changing of the original decision
AND
the person clearly stated that they did not question the decision
the person concerned did not apply for the re-examination of the case nor did they submit an appeal within statutory time limit;
e. the decision in cases IX K 865/14, IX K 230/15 and IX K 1571/14 were not served on the person concerned in person, but:
- the decisions will be served on the person concerned in person immediately after the surrender of the person concerned.
Op verzoek van de officier van justitie heeft de uitvaardigende justitiële autoriteit bij brief van 25 september 2018 nog het volgende verklaard:
Met betrekking tot het vonnis met referentienummer XVI K 331/13:
The positive premises for the issuance of the penal order had been specified in Article 500 of the Criminal Procedure Code. According to the aforementioned provision: ‘In cases subject to examination under summary proceedings, the court, taking into account the material gathered in the preliminary proceedings, may consider that conducting a trial is not necessary and, in cases in which imposing a penalty of deprivation of liberty or a fine is permitted, the court may issue penal order (§ 1). In the order/writ proceedings the provisions relating to summary proceedings shall be applied, unless otherwise indicated by the provisions of the present Chapter (§ 2). The court may issue a penal order when in light of the evidence gathered, the circumstances of the act and the guilt of the accused do not raise any doubts (§ 3). The penal order shall be issued by the court sitting in a panel of one. The accused, his defence counsel, the injured person and his attorney shall be entitled to participate in the session (§ 4).
In view of the above mentioned, by the power of the penal order, dated April 16, 2013, [opgeëiste persoon] was considered guilty of commission of Article 224 of the Penal Code and he was imposed the sentence of 1 year of penalty of restriction of personal liberty, involving the performance within its duration, of unpaid, supervised social work of the size of 30 hours per months.
[opgeëiste persoon] was aware of the handed down judgment. A copy of the decision along with the copy of the bill of indictment along with the instruction and the manner of appeal had been dispatched at the provided, in the course of the penal proceedings, convict’s address and was collected by an adult member of the household.
Once the said penal order became legally valid, in the course of the enforcement proceedings, the court guardian submitted a request to order the enforcement of the substitutive penalty of imprisonment against [opgeëiste persoon] , since the convicted person performed out of the imposed 360 hours of social work performer 11 hours only, having been previously summoned to their implementation and instructed on the consequences of evading the enforcement of the penalty, as early as in July 2013.
Taking into consideration the said circumstances, and moreover the fact that [opgeëiste persoon] failed to submit any excuse justifying his delay in the implementation of the penalty, by the decision of the Regional Court as of February 17, 2015, the case file IX Ko 1976/14, there was ordered the implementation of the substitutive penalty of imprisonment in the amount of 173 days, replacing the outstanding for enforcement penalty of restriction of personal liberty in the amount of 347 days, imposed against [opgeëiste persoon] , by the judgment of the Regional Court in Bydgoszcz, dated April 16, 2013, the case file reference XVI K 331/13 assuming that one day of substitutive penalty of imprisonment amounts to two days of the penalty of restriction of personal liberty.
Met betrekking tot de vonnissen met referentienummers IX K 865/14, IX K 230/15 en IX K 1571/14:
[opgeëiste persoon] had been correctly notified of the dates of the hearings held in regards of the case file references: IX K 865/14, IX K 230/15, IX K 1571/14, in the course of which the sentences were handed down. In accordance with Article 470 and § 2 of the Criminal Procedure Code effective at the date of handing down the judgments: “If the accused, who served the summons, fails to appear at the main trial, the court may continue the proceedings without him, and if he did not attend the defender – pass a sentence in absentia (§ 1). If the defendant fails to appear at the trial, read the explanation offered previously (§ 2). The summons to the hearing in regards of these matters had been dispatched to [opgeëiste persoon] at the determined in the course of the penal proceedings address of domicile of the convict and despite two delivery notifications they had not been collected.
Herein, it should be pointed out that [opgeëiste persoon] had already in the course of the preliminary proceedings, completed by lodging the bills of indictment, and then by handing down the judgment in the matters of the case file references: IX K 865/14, IX K 230/15, IX K 1571/14 was instructed that in case of staying at large, he is under an obligation, in accordance with the provision of Article 75 § 1 of the Criminal Procedure Code, to appear at every summons during the penal proceedings and to notify the conducting the proceedings authority on every change of the place of residence or stay, exceeding 7 days. He was also instructed that in accordance with Article 138 of the Criminal Procedure Code, in case of staying abroad, it is his obligation to indicate the addresses for service in this country. In case of failing to do so, a letter dispatched at the recently known address in this country, attached to the case files, shall be considered as served. [opgeëiste persoon] was also notified that under the provision of Article 139 of the Criminal Procedure Code, should he if a party to the proceedings has changed his place of residence and has failed to notify the agency before which the proceedings are pending of his new address, or if he has not resided under a designated address, a document dispatched to the address last designated by such a party shall be considered to have been served.
[opgeëiste persoon] failed to notify the Court about the change of his address of stay in regards of any of the aforementioned matters, as a result, it was a full power, in accordance with the quoted provisions, conducting proceedings, including the issuance of the judgments, under the absence of the accused.
[opgeëiste persoon] in regards of the matters of the case file references IX K 865/14, IX K 230/15, IX K 1571/14 took no advantage of the assistance of the defence counsel or court-appointed attorney.
In accordance with Article 482 § 1 - § 3 of the Criminal Procedure Code in force at the time of the delivery of the judgments in the matters of the case file references IX K 865/14, IX K 230/15, IX K 1571/14.
A judgment by default shall be served upon the accused. Within a seven-day time-limit the accused may file an objection to a judgment by default, in which he should provide a statement of reason for his failure to appear at the trial. The accused may also attach to the objection a motion for the reasons for the judgment in case the objection is not accepted or granted (§ 1). The Court does not recognize the objection, if the absence of the accused at the trial is considered as unauthorised. The order may be appealed (§ 2). Opposition upheld causes retrial. The default judgment is forfeited when the accused or his counsel appears at trial (§ 3).
In the aforementioned matters, the copies of the judgments along with the instruction of the contents of the above quoted Article 482 § 1 - § 3 of the Criminal Procedure Code has been effectively served to [opgeëiste persoon] by double notification of the conignments. [opgeëiste persoon] failed to challenge the judgments within the deadline specified in Art. 482 of the Criminal Procedure Code.
The right to a retrial would be available to [opgeëiste persoon] in the event of a positive consideration of the application for reinstatement of the time limit for filing an appeal within the lodging of appeals against the judgments handed down in the matters of the case file references.
3.1.4.Oordeel van de rechtbank
De rechtbank deelt het standpunt van de officier van justitie ten aanzien van de vonnissen met referentienummers IX K 865/14, IX K 230/15 en IX K 1571/14. Uit onderdeel d) van het EAB blijkt dat de opgeëiste persoon niet ter terechtzitting is verschenen en dat niet is voldaan aan een van de uitzonderingen genoemd in artikel 12, sub a tot en met c.
Anders dan de officier van justitie is de rechtbank van oordeel dat dit laatste ook geldt ten aanzien van het vonnis met referentienummer XVI K 331/13. De opgeëiste persoon is blijkens onderdeel d) van het EAB niet ter terechtzitting is verschenen. Evenmin blijkt dat de dagvaarding of het vonnis in persoon aan hem is betekend. In de aanvullende informatie is immers – in afwijking van hetgeen in het EAB is opgemerkt - vermeld dat “a
copy of the decision along with the copy of the bill of indictment along with the instruction and the manner of appeal had been dispatched at the provided, in the course of the penal proceedings, convict’s address and was collected by an adult member of the household”. Dat de opgeëiste persoon een aanvang heeft gemaakt met de tenuitvoerlegging van zijn straf, doet hier niet aan af. Voorts is “
the person clearly stated that they did not question the decision OR the person concerned did not apply for the re-examination of the case nor did they submit an appeal within statutory time limit” doorgehaald. Aldus is niet voldaan aan de uitzondering genoemd in artikel 12, sub c, OLW.
De rechtbank is daarom van oordeel dat het EAB strekt tot de tenuitvoerlegging van vier vonnissen terwijl de verdachte niet in persoon is verschenen bij de behandeling ter terechtzitting die tot de vonnissen heeft geleid, en die vonnissen - kort gezegd - zijn gewezen zonder dat zich één van de in artikel 12, sub a tot en met c, OLW genoemde omstandigheden heeft voorgedaan.
Op grond van artikel 12, sub d, OLW mag de rechtbank in dit geval de overlevering alleen toestaan indien de uitvaardigende justitiële autoriteit heeft vermeld
(i) dat het betreffende vonnis na overlevering onverwijld aan de opgeëiste persoon zal worden betekend en hij uitdrukkelijk zal worden geïnformeerd over zijn recht op een verzetprocedure of een procedure in hoger beroep, waarbij hij het recht heeft aanwezig te zijn, waarop de zaak opnieuw ten gronde wordt behandeld en nieuw bewijsmateriaal wordt toegelaten, die kan leiden tot herziening van het oorspronkelijke vonnis en
(ii) dat de opgeëiste persoon wordt geïnformeerd over de termijn waarbinnen hij verzet of hoger beroep dient aan te tekenen, als vermeld in het desbetreffende Europees aanhoudingsbevel.
Een dergelijke verklaring ontbreekt ten aanzien van alle vonnissen. Aldus is niet aan de eisen van artikel 12, sub d, OLW voldaan en is de in dit artikel bedoelde weigeringsgrond van toepassing. De overlevering moet dus – voor alle vonnissen – worden geweigerd.