2.3.Een “Verified Complaint for Forfeiture” (hierna: de Complaint) van een United States Attorney van 22 december 2017 beschrijft een “civil action in rem brought by the United States […] seeking forfeiture of all right, title, and interest” ter zake van een aantal goederen (banktegoeden, twee jachten en een vliegtuig; hierna: de goederen) ter waarde van ongeveer USD 11 miljoen, welke goederen toebehoren aan [naam] of aan hem gelieerde vennootschappen. Volgens de Complaint zijn deze goederen betrokken bij illegale activiteiten. De Complaint luidt verder als volgt, voor zover van belang:
3. As explained more fully below, [naam] ("[naam]") and [naam 2] ("[naam 2]") have consented to the forfeiture of the [goederen] due to the fact that this defendant property was involved in an unlicensed money transmitting business wherein Venezuelan bolivars were exchanged for U.S. dollars ("USD") the black market currency exchange in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1960. [naam] and [naam 2] used the criminal proceeds to further promote the unlicensed money transmitting business including by sending funds to and from the United States and a place outside the United State and to conduct financial transactions to conceal or disguise the nature, location, source, ownership and/or control of the proceeds, all in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1956. […]
4. [ naam] and [naam 2], who are the only known potential claimants to the
defendant property, have consented to the forfeiture of the defendant property.
FACTS GIVING RISE TO FORFEITURE
22. [ naam 2] and [naam] are both Venezuelan nationals who currently reside in Venezuela.
23. [ naam 2] was the majority owner of Servinaca, C.A ("Servinaca"), a poultry farm in Venezuela that was approved for payment by the CADIVI. Another individual who conspired with [naam 2] and [naam] in the below described unlicensed money transmitting scheme (hereinafter referred to as the "co-conspirator") also had a partial ownership interest in Servinaca.
24. [ naam] is the president of Resguarda Sociedad De Corretaje De Seguros C.A. ("Resguarda"), an insurance company based in Venezuela. At all times relevant to this complaint, Resguarda maintained a brokerage account ending in [nummer] with Wells Fargo Advisors, based in St. Louis, Missouri (the "Wells Fargo Account"). The Wells Fargo Account is an "enhanced" brokerage account that combines investing and financial management features. [naam] is the sole signatory for the Wells Fargo Account.
25. Neither [naam 2], [naam], Resguarda nor the co-conspirator are registered with the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) or licensed with any State to operate as a money transmitting business.
26. [ naam 2] and others submitted false and inflated invoices by and through Servinaca in order to obtain USD at a preferred rate from the CADIVI. The USD released by the CADIVI was wired to, inter alia, accounts controlled by the co-conspirator. [naam 2] and others sold the USD received by the CADIVI through the black market currency exchange to third parties, including to [naam]. Specifically, [naam] received more than $11 million USD as part of this black market exchange since approximately October 2011.
27. Investigators have interviewed [naam]. [naam] admitted that he purchased and sold USD by and through the Wells Fargo Account as part of the black market exchange of Venezuelan bolivars and USD. [naam] further confirmed that he purchased approximately $11 million USD in transactions that were facilitated by [naam 2] and the co-conspirator.
[…]
30. On or about September 29, 2017, [naam] signed a written consent to the forfeiture of the Wells Fargo Account Funds, both in his individual capacity and in his capacity as President and authorized representative of Resguarda.
34. On or about September 29, 2017, [naam] signed a written consent to the forfeiture of the IFB Account Funds.
42. On or about September 29, 2017, [naam] signed a written consent to the forfeiture of the Plane, both in his individual capacity, and in his capacity as authorized representative of Sky.
48. On or about September 11, 2017, the Yacht was restrained by law enforcement in the Dutch territory of Bonaire, and was subsequently moved to the United States.
49. On or about September 29, 2017, [naam] signed a written consent to the forfeiture of the Yacht, both in his individual capacity and in his capacity as the controlling director, beneficial owner, and authorized representative of OMV.
Count I — Forfeiture as Property Involved in Money Laundering
18 U.S.C. § 981(a)(1)(A)
58. Each of the foregoing allegations is hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
59. [ naam], [naam 2], the co-conspirator and others operated an unlicensed money transmitting business in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1960, and used the proceeds to promote the carrying on of the unlicensed money transmitting business (including by sending funds to and from the United States to a place outside the United States), and to conduct financial transactions to conceal or disguise the nature, location, source, ownership and/or control of the proceeds, all in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1956. [naam], [naam 2], the co-conspirator and others further used the criminal proceeds from the unlicensed money transmitting business to conduct monetary transactions in an amount greater than $10,000 in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1957.
60. As such, the defendant property, including [de goederen], are subject to forfeiture pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 981(a)(1)(A) as property involved in a transaction or attempted transaction in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1956, 1957 and/or 1960, or as property traceable to such property.
PRAYER FOR RELIEF
WHEREFORE, the United States of America prays that notice issue on the defendant properties as described above; that due notice be given to all parties to appear and show cause why the forfeiture should not be decreed; that judgment be entered declaring that the defendant properties be forfeited to the United States of America for disposition according to law; and that the United States of America be granted such other relief as this Court may deem just and proper, together with the costs and disbursements of this action.