3.5In de beschrijving van EP 941 is onder meer het volgende opgenomen:
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[0001]The present disclosure relates to simulated fires and in particular to apparatus for simulating the burning of solid fuel such as coal or logs. The apparatus may desirably, but not essentially include a heat source configured to space heating of a room. More especially, the disclosure relates to apparatus and methods for simulating flames produced by burning solid fuel and/ or for simulating smoke as produced when burning solid fuel.
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[0004]The present disclosure seeks to provide improved simulations of flames and smoke, and to provide improved methods and apparatus for producing simulated smoke. The disclosure further seeks to provide improved apparatus for simulating a real fire, which, in particular, seeks to provide and improved flame and/or smoke simulating effect.
[0005]According to the invention there is provided a simulated fire effect apparatus comprising:
an apertured bed;
a container adapted to contain a body of liquid, the container providing a head space above the liquid;
an ultrasonic transducer device having a transducing surface operatively in liquid contacting relation with the body of liquid and operable to produce a vapour in said head space; and
means for providing a current of air directed upwardly from the apertured bed,
characterized in that the container includes a vapour outlet port, and in that the apparatus further comprises
means for providing a flow of air along a path extending into the head space and out of the vapour outlet port, wherein the outlet port is so disposed that the air flow path exits the container below the apertured bed.
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[0018]The term “apertured bed” in this specification is intended to mean and/or include a body, mass or assembly having gaps or apertures through which vapour produced by vapour generating means (such as an ultrasonic transducer) may pass, in particular when entrained in a rising current of air. The apertured bed may, for example, be a fuel bed (in particular, a simulated fuel bed) which comprises a plurality of discrete bodies arranged together to form a larger general mass, such as simulated coals or logs, real coals or logs, pebbles, small rocks or glass or resin or plastic pieces, the vapour being able to pass and around and between the individual bodies. When a plurality of smaller bodies is used, it may be appropriate to support them on a frame which also allows the passage of the vapour produced vapour generating means.
[0019]In alternative arrangements, the apertured bed may be in the form of one or more larger bodies each of which has one or more apertures which allow the passage of vapour. For example the apertured bed may comprise a single block of material having a plurality of passages extending from its under surface to its upper surface.
[0020]For achieving a flame simulation effect the apertured bed must include gaps or apertures which allow the transmission of light from light sources arranged below the apertured bed, so that vapour rising above the apertured bed is locally and specifically illuminated by light passing through those gaps or apertures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021]For a better understanding of the disclosure and to show how the same may be carried into effect, reference will be made, by way of example only, to the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic exploded view of an apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
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Figure 8 shows schematically a still further embodiment of a water vapour generator according to the present disclosure;
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Figures 15A, 15B, 15C, 15D, 15E, 15F, 15G and 15H show schematically various arrangements for recycling the vapour produced in the apparatus according to the present disclosure;
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Figure 29 is a schematic illustration of a simulated fire according to embodiments of the present disclosure for use with a “wet” heating system;
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Figure 56 is a schematic cross section through an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
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Figure 58 is a schematic exploded view of an apparatus similar to that of Figure 56
Figure 59 is a schematic partially exploded view of a further embodiment of an apparatus according to the present disclosure;
Figure 60 is a schematic cross section through the apparatus of Figure 59; and
Figure 61 is a view of a portion of a further embodiment of an apparatus according to the present disclosure.
[0022]Referring now to the drawings and in particular to Figure 1, in general terms the apparatus 10 of the present disclosure comprises in one embodiment a fuel bed indicated generically at 12, a vapour generator indicated generally at 14, at least one light source 16 and light modifying means 18, 20. Preferably the vapour is water vapour. A preferred liquid is water. Unless the context requires otherwise, references to water and water vapour herein include references to other suitable liquids and their respective vapours. A vapour guide 22 is provided to constrain the water vapour produced by the generator 14 to desired flow path. The apparatus 10 may comprise one or more water vapour generators 14. In use, the water vapour generator 14 produces water vapour within a substantially closed housing 24. A fan 26 provides a flow or air into the container 24 which entrains the water vapour. The water vapour exits the housing 24 through a suitable aperture, outlet or orifice 28. The water vapour is carried in the flow of air generated by fan 26 through the vapour guide 22 and ultimately through the fuel bed 12. The water vapour is carried above the fuel bed by the air flow to give the impression of smoke. Light source 16 illuminates the fuel bed 12 to give the impression of burning fuel. Filters 20 are provided to give the light appropriate colour. Filters may colour the light only locally, or over a wider area. Light modifying means 18 can take various forms but will generally interrupt the light from the light source to give perceived variations in the intensity of the light, to resemble the changes in intensity of burning which occur in a real fire.
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[0025]Conventional vapour generators such as are used in fog misting units and domestic humidifiers tend to operate at a frequency of less than 2MHz, typically about 1.7MHz. At this frequency, the droplet size of the resultant vapour is relatively large, so that the droplets are effectively quite heavy and tend to fall downwardly quite quickly. This effect can be ameliorated by using a fan mounted above the simulated flame effect to provide an upward current of air in which the vapour is entrained. Examples of such arrangements are shown in Figures 16 and 17. However, there is still a tendency for the droplets to move out of the upward air flow and so to fall downwardly again. The inventor has found that by using a vapour generator of higher frequency, such as above 2MHz and in particular in the range of from about 2.4MHz to about 3Mhz or higher, a finer vapour is produced with a smaller droplet size. Such a vapour has a much reduced tendency to fall downwardly, to the extent that the additional fan above the simulated flame effect can be dispensed with. In this case, a small current of warm rising air is sufficient to cause the entrained vapour to rise and the flame simulation is much enhanced. A suitable current of rising warm air can be generated by appropriate positioning of one or more light sources below the fuel bed, as is described in more detail below.
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[0060]In any of the above constructions, the apertures (including the large aperture 132 if present) are so placed that vapour passing through the fuel bed 12 exits below and around the fuel pieces 138, thereby to resemble smoke and/or simulate the effect of flames. The apertures are positioned such that (in combination with other elements of the fuel bed) they are not visible to an observer.
[0061]Referring more especially to Figures 1 and 18, the inner or middle portion of the fuel bed is illuminated with red or orange light to provide the general glowing effect of a real burning fire. Outer regions are illuminated with blue light (as illustrated) or with other colours such as green, red or orange. The plate 130 (or, as the case may be, the plastic moulding) is provided with local apertures 140 through which vapour rises and through which light passes. Thus the vapour passing through the apertures 140 is locally and selectively illuminated by red, orange blue or green (or other suitable colour) light from light source(s) 16 and this provides the effect of flames locally rising from the fuel bed 12. Vapour emerging from below and around the fuel pieces 138 is similarly illuminated to give the appearance of flames.
[0062]In particular arrangements means 18 are provided for further modifying the light from light source(s) 16 to provide an intermittent illumination or flicker effect which is preferably random, or pseudo-random so that it is perceived by a user as being random. One embodiment of such a light modifying means 18 comprises one or more elements such as members 142 (Figure 1) which are moved in the path of light from light source(s)16. The members may be opaque, partially opaque or locally opaque. Conveniently the members are rotated about an axis such as by a motor. Other possible arrangements include a plurality of reflective elements arranged about a shaft which is caused to rotate about its axis. Alternatively, or additionally, where a plurality of light sources is provided, a control means may be used to vary the illumination provided by given light sources, that is by switching particular light sources on and off in sequence and/or by varying in sequence the intensity of the light emitted by particular light sources. The light modifying means thus enable the simulation of the changes in intensity of glowing and in the intensity and position of flame which occur in a real burning fire. With particular reference to the simulation of flames, where light passing through a given local aperture 140 is interrupted by means 18, the flame at that aperture will effectively disappear while the light is interrupted.
[0063]In a preferred arrangement of the fuel bed, pieces 144 of transparent or translucent material made, for example from resin, glass or plastic, are arranged around the apertures 140. The pieces 144 may be coloured, for example red, orange or blue. These pieces are illuminated by light from light source(s) passing through local regions of the plate 130 and/or apertures 144 and provide, preferably in conjunction with light modifying means 18, a glowing ember effect. Portions of the pieces 144 may be coated or otherwise coloured with darker and/or opaque material (e.g. paint) to enhance the ember effect. The greater the relative amount of the dark coating, the lesser is the glowing ember effect. In other words, pieces 144 with a greater degree of dark coating resemble fuel pieces at later stages of burning, that is, when the fuel pieces become burnt out. In preferred arrangements which provide a particularly good simulation the proportion of darker pieces (which may also include grey (gray) colouring to resemble ash) is increased in regions of the
fuel bed 12 radially further away from the centre of the simulated fire, thereby to simulate cooler more burnt-out regions of the fire.
[0064]Figure 18 shows in particular large aperture 132 arranged above red/orange filter 20a and smaller local apertures 140 arranged further away from the centre of the simulated fire and above the blue filter 20b. Glass or resin pieces 144 coloured orange are arranged close to the apertures 140 and pieces 144a coloured dark or black and grey to resemble pieces of substantially burnt fuel are arranged directly at the apertures 140. Vapour passing through apertures 140 is coloured predominantly blue and thus resembles the small blue flames 146 often seen at the margins of a burning fuel bed.
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[0097](…)The container 452 includes an outlet port 482 which communicates with inlet 486 of a vapour distribution component 484. The vapour distributing component 484 is broadly similar to the vapour distributing component 260 described above. Container 452 includes an inlet port 488 which communicates with a sub-housing 490 which houses a fan 492 and motor 494. Fan 492 is driven by motor 494 and is configured to draw air into the sub-housing 490 and to expel the air into container 452 through inlet port 488. Thus, a flow of air is provided from the inlet port 488 of container 452 to the outlet port 482 of the container 452 and into the vapour distributing component 484 through inlet 486. The flow of air entrains vapour in the head space 496 of the container 452 above the liquid and carries the entrained vapour into the vapour distributing component 484.
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[0100](…) Container 452' also comprises four vapour outlet ports 482' through which vapour entrained in the flow of air from fan 492' exits the container 452'. Each vapour outlet port communicates with a respective inlet 486' of a vapour distributing component 484'. (…)
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